Women’s reproductive health is a topic that is often overlooked and taken for granted. In a country like Pakistan where reproductive health is seldom discussed openly, it can be confusing at times as a woman navigating yourself through it all when you believe your reproductive health has been compromised. In this article, I will be discussing common reproductive health issues which you may not have heard of and ways to lookout for them!
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue lining the uterus, known as the endometrial tissue, grows in place other than the uterus such as the ovaries, bowels, and pelvic area. These tissues, much like your uterine lining, are shed every month. However, as they have no exit point they begin to accumulate in your pelvic area and cause extremely painful periods. In case you have ever experienced incredibly painful pain when menstruating, a pelvic exam or an ultrasound can confirm if it is endometriosis.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Although PCOS is one of the most common hormonal endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age more than 50% remain undiagnosed. PCOS includes a range of symptoms from irregular periods, pelvic pain, excessive hair growth on the face and body, oily skin, acne, and dandruff. PCOS occurs when the adrenal glands produce more male hormones than normal which results in cyst development on the ovaries. A pelvic exam, blood tests and ultrasound can confirm the diagnosis.
Uterine Fibroids
Although mainly benign (non-cancer causing) in nature, Uterine Fibroids are tumours that consist of tissues and muscle cells that grow in and around the wall of the uterus. The cause of these fibroids is still unknown; signs and symptoms include painful and heavy periods, bloating in the abdomen, frequent urination, and pain in the lower back. The diagnosis is confirmed by an ultrasound.
Cervical Dysplasia
Cervical Dysplasia is caused by the human papillomavirus and can cause cancer if proper treatment is not received; it is mainly characterized by abnormal growth of cells inside and around the cervix. This disorder has three stages: mild, moderate, and severe. The mild stage can resolve on its own whereas the moderate and severe stages call for immediate medical attention. Cervical Dysplasia can be confirmed by a pap smear, which gynaecologists recommend having one every three years!
All in all, reproductive health issues should never be brushed off easily with the mindset that “all women must be going through this.” Know when to reach out and get tested accordingly for your safety!